Narrative Text :Pengertian, generic structure, language features dan contohnya

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Narrative Text :Pengertian, generic structure, language features dan contohnya

// Posted by :Unknown // On :Jumat, 07 Februari 2014

Narrative Text adalah teks yang menceritakan sesuatu yang imajinatif atau sesuatu yang hanya karangan si pembuat dan tujuannya hanya untuk menghibur pembaca.

1. Jenis-jenis Narrative Text

Ada beberapa jenis narrative text , yaitu sebagai berikut :

a. fables (Cerita tentang binatang yang digambarkan berprilaku seperti manusia)

b. fairy stories (Cerita yang bersifat fantastik, penuh dengan keajaiban)

c. myth

d. romance

e. legends

f. personal experience (pengalaman pribadi yang ditulis)

2. Generic Structure Narrative Text

a. Orientation

Yaitu pengenalan yang berupa : cerita tentang apa (what is the story about), siapa pelaku dalam cerita itu (who is the participant), dimana cerita itu terjadi (where is the place setting) dan kapan cerita itu terjadi (when is the time setting).

b. Complication

Yaitu permasalahan/konflik yang terjadi pada cerita. Bagian ini merupakan inti dari cerita narrative. Konflik tersebut dapat dibedakan menjadi :

- Physical Conflict

Yaitu permasalahan yang timbul karena adanya kontak fisik atau segala sesuatu yang berhubungan dengan fisik.

- Natural Conflict

Yaitu permasalahan yang timbul karena pelaku cerita berhadapan dengan kekuatan alam.

- Social Conflict

Yaitu permasalahan yang timbul karena para pelaku itu saling berhadapan. Mereka bertemu pada waktu yang sama dengan berbeda kepentingan.

- Psychological Conflict

Yaitu Permasalahan yang timbul ketika pelaku cerita itu berhadapan dengan dirinya sendiri. Pertentangan antara nilai baik dan buruk, antara sifat rakus dan tenggang rasa.

c. Resolution
Yaitu solusi atau penyelesaian dari suatu masalah atau konfik yang timbul dalam cerita. Dalam Narrative text, setiap permasalahan yang muncul harus ada penyelesaiannya, bisa ditutup dengan akhir yang menyenangkan (happy ending) atau tidak sedikit berakhir tragis, menyedihkan (sad ending).

d. Re-Orientation

Ini adalah pernyataan penutup cerita dan itu hanyalah opsional. Ini terdiri dari pelajaran moral, nasihat atau pengajaran dari penulis
.

3. Language Features

a. Menggunakan pola kalimat Simple Past Tense
b. Biasanya dimulai dengan kata keterangan waktu (Adverbs of Time) . Seperti : long time ago..., once, one, once upon a time.

c. Menggunakan kata penghubung waktu

d. Terkadang terdapat dialog antartokoh

D. Example of Narrative Text

The Ugly Duckling

One upon time, a mother duck sat on her eggs. She felt tired of sitting on them. She just wished the eggs would break out.

Several days later, she got her wish. The eggs cracked and some cute little ducklings appeared. "Peep, peep" the little ducklings cried. "Quack, quack" their mother greeted in return.

However the largest egg had not cracked. The mother duck sat on it for several days. Finally, it cracked and a huge ugly duckling waddled out. The mother duck looked at him in surprise. He was so big and very gray. He didn't look like the others at all. He was like a turkey.

When the mother duck brought the children to the pond for their first swimming lesson., the huge grey duckling splashed and paddled about just as nicely as the other ducklings did. "That is not a turkey chick. He is my very own son and quite handsome" the mother said proudly.

However, the other animals didn't agree. They hissed and made fun of him day by day. Even his own sisters and brothers were very unkind. "You are very ugly" they quacked.

The little poor duckling was very unhappy. "I wish I looked like them" he thought to himself. One day, the ugly duckling run away and hid in the bushes. The sad duckling lived alone through the cold and snow winter. Finally the spring flowers began to bloom. While he was swimming in the pond, he saw three large white swans swimming toward him. "Oh, dear. these beautiful birds will laugh and peck me too" he said to himself. But the swans did not attack him. Instead, they swam around him and stroked him with their bills. As the ugly duckling bent his neck to speak to them, he saw his reflection in the water. He could not believe his eyes. "I am not an ugly duckling but a beautiful swam" he exclaimed.

He was very happy. From that day on, he swam and played with his new friends and was happier than he had never been.